Conditionals em Inglês: Guia Completo para Brasileiros

Conditionals em Inglês: Guia Completo NOPBM

INTRODUÇÃO

As orações condicionais, ou conditionals, são um componente crucial da gramática inglesa, usadas para descrever situações hipotéticas e suas consequências possíveis. Elas permitem que você fale sobre "se... então...", expressando ideias como "se eu estudar, então eu serei aprovado". Dominar os conditionals é essencial para a fluência e precisão no inglês, pois você precisará deles constantemente em conversas do dia a dia, escrita formal e informal. De planos de viagem a debates hipotéticos, este guia abrangente te levará do básico ao nível intermediário, com exemplos e exercícios focados nas necessidades do estudante brasileiro de inglês.

Conditionals ajudam a construir suas hipóteses sobre aquilo que você poderia fazer ou de que poderia acontecer. Em uma conversa sobre o tempo, por exemplo, você pode utilizar conditionals: "If it rains, I will stay home." Entender esses cenários possibilitará uma fala mais fluída no inglês, como um falante nativo. Continue lendo!

O que é Conditionals?

In simple terms, a conditional is a type of sentence that describes what will happen depending on a condition. It often contains two parts, connected by words like "if" or "unless" ("se" em português). A conditional basically says: "IF [something happens/happened], THEN [something else will/would happen]." They are important for stating expectations around events.

The concept revolves around cause and effect. Something (the condition) must occur first, which, as a result, leads to a certain outcome. They aren't just about predicting the future; they can talk about the present too! Knowing conditionals adds precision to what you want to transmit.

Estrutura em Inglês

While English has four main types of conditionals (Zero, First, Second, and Third), this guide primarily focuses on the First, Second and Third conditional. Let’s explore how those play out, structure and some quick summaries. Note, although some use “if”, you can substitute expressions like "provided that.." etc. Those, as you'll see.

There is affirmative, negative and question form as explained with examples:

Affirmative: If + Present Simple, will + base form of the verb
Example: If I have time, I will call you.
Negative: If + don't/doesn't + base form of the verb, will + not + base form of the verb.
Example: If I don't have time, I will not call you.
Question: If + I/you/he/she/it/we/they + Subject + the verb (in simpler forms)! (Often inverted.)
Example: If I worked, would you call me? (Do you care when would/will)

Now, to go over these in more detail below.

Zero Conditional
IF + present simple THEN simple present
* Used for a real fact! E.g. When it snows, animals get cold. - this always happens!
First Conditional (Possible Future)
IF + present simple WILL + infinitive.
* Used for what is real, possible, likely to happen. When is a perfectly acceptable replacement.
Second Conditional. (Conditional for the impossible, unlikely events or impossible events; also called imagined scenarios
If + past simple, would + base for verb.
What can do something different is replacing "If + past simple" with different expressions: as long as | provides or provided |barring that!

Third conditional = (Used to talk situations after a moment has passed– for something you wish you had/ hadn't done. Can always explore what wasn't, but will go).
IF + past perfect, Would have + participle Past participles

Exemplos Práticos

Here are examples using various conditional applications:

  1. If it rains, the game will be canceled.
    Se chover, o jogo será cancelado.
  2. If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
    Se ela estudar muito, ela passará no exame.
  3. If I have enough money, I will buy a new car.
    Se eu tiver dinheiro suficiente, eu comprarei um carro novo.
  4. If he were taller, he would be a basketball player.
    Se ele fosse mais alto, ele seria jogador de basquete. (Clearly something hypothetical & impossible!)
  5. If I knew her phone number, I would call her.
    Se eu soubesse o número de telefone dela, eu a ligaria.
  6. If they had arrived earlier, they wouldn't have missed the train.
    Se eles tivessem chegado mais cedo, não teriam perdido o trem.
  7. If she practiced the piano more, she would be a better musician.
    Se ela praticasse piano mais, ela seria uma melhor musicista. (A hypothetical present action and impossible level of impact)
  8. If I had studied harder in school, I would have had better opportunities.
    Se eu tivesse estudado mais na escola, eu teria (tivera) melhor oportunidades no futuro. (The regret of not studying in school)
  9. If the sun is shining there will definitely be some people in the park.
    Se o sol vir forte, terão sempre povo no parque

  10. If you hadn’t mentioned John, you wouldn’t have discovered there wasn’t love.

    Se, porventura, John fosse mencionada e revelasse ele desconhecido sem amor.
    11. If animals are hungry, they search for shelter and eat, If only we did what was required.
    Tendo animais famintos e precisando se abrigar pra encurar e ter alguma satisfacção do viver.
    12. I wish I had saved money, I’n living hand to mouth
    Com o mesmo desejo me arrependa

Frases comuns no dia a dia

Utilize estas construções ao vivo numa entrevista pessoal/profissão.

  1. If you need anything, call me.
    Se precisar de alguma coisa, me ligue.
  2. What will you do if you win the lottery?
    O que você vai fazer se ganhar na loteria?
  3. If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.
    Se eu tivesse um milhão de dólares, viajaria pelo mundo.
  4. I wonder what might or might to do!
    Como alguém deveria ativistas pelo caminho

    1. I won´t stop dreaming, won´t know what happens afterall

      Não conhecerei qual será meu propósito

Erros comuns de brasileiros

Brazilian Portuguese and English share cognates (palavras parecidas), leading to potential misunderstandings in conditionals. Here’s a common confusion :

  • Mixing tenses: This is probably THE big killer mistake, often incorrectly mixing present and future. Don't simply rely on what sounds right in Portuguese. Remember those basic examples. When writing consider the sequence!
  • Using Simple Past instead of Past Simple (in Second Conditional): Don’t be tempted to use something closer; It causes error in translations. Practice!
  • Confusing "if" and "when": "If" is conditional; It suggests uncertain situations. Using it too liberally when an event must occur changes entire nuances.
  • Unnecessarily Adding Portuguese Emphasis: If your speaker had been warned, we'd never seen it here and never been warned beforehand.

Dicas para aprender mais rápido

  1. Immerse yourself: Watch English movies, TV shows, and listen to songs — pay attention to how conditionals are used within dialogues.
  2. Write your own sentences: Experiment the conditionals actively – describing situations and outcomes using “if.. then…” scenarios. Consider alternatives, e.g replace “should” with equivalents.
  3. Find a language partner! Someone dedicated to corrections as a goal – for real time feedback is more crucial on speaking ability.
  4. Make it relevant Describe daily plans using conditionals instead of just stating realities around you -- This transforms learnings (practical context).
  5. Flashcard drilling! Use flash card decks containing many sentences around these topics. Use them everywhere/ everyday-- for fast consolidation.
    Think practical, contextual, constantly reviewing

Exercícios práticos

  1. Complete the sentences (fill in the blanks):

  2. If I _ (have) enough money, I ______ (buy) a house.

  3. She _ (go) to the party if she _ (feel) better.

  4. If we _ (study) harder, we _ (pass) the exam.

  5. Multiple Choice:

  6. If it rains tomorrow, ______?
    a) I will go
    b) I will going
    c) I would go
    d) No correct option.

  7. Translation:

Translate: "If I were a superhero, I would save the world."

  1. Sentence Correction:

Correct the mistake (if any): "If he would study, he will pass.”

  1. Sentence creation: Construct five varied conditionals utilizing past perfect!

Respostas dos Exercícios

  1. Complete:

  2. If I had, I would buy.

  3. She will go, if she feels.

  4. If we studied, ,We would pass.

  5. Multiple Choice:

a) *I go (conditional verb structure!) (best- practice - for more than usual/routine)

3.Translation:
If I were hero with abilities, rescue this Earth!*

  1. Correction: “If he studied, he would/’d pass". Past tense correctly reflecting hypothetic!

Perguntas frequentes (FAQ)

Do try searching in questions too-- practice.

Q: What is difference between first & zero conditional?
A:
The zero conditionals presents generalized truths, with almost always factual outcome as well,
while the rest of those present likelihood.
First often will suggest outcome!/event. If you want be certain? Try “If…” statement first as introduction before your argument !

Q: Can I use "when..." instead of "if..."?
A: Certainly—use when more specific to actual expectations. A "condition" not "certain"!

Q: My friend insists I use future-form tense, what must I choose!/prefer?!

If an action follows one rule and follows second one for expectation, it should be first form, especially since "wish," otherwise is subjective interpretation!.

Most teachers prefer *certain tense as "can’t do", should “can’t.” It always depends!.

*

Seção - Resumo Rápido:
Zero conditionals; facts
Consider past action (condition). Then possible results, "if", in a situation or place that doesn’t actually happen.

Practical & conversational practice for fluent speakers

Próximos passos

This introductory guide has focused on the foundational conditional frameworks so you know now to better describe situations when using them— but if that interests you - these further expands:
1. Subjunctive mood (more advanced conditional expressions!) – It is a change between conditional language!
2. Reported speech : Including indirect phrases. With greater depth - to change a single/isolated action- a more detailed picture?
(Learn about how conditionals shift further – with some grammar adjustments).
3. Mixed Conditionals : Combine second with third!. When learning all conditions blend.

Veja também

For more reinforcement:
* The Verb "To Be"- for an overview around these tenses (https:example).
* Using conjunction and grammar. * (grammar example url).

[Gramatica Inglesa – Explanations and Examples] (https://exemeplegrammarurlhere)


Domine os conditionals em inglês! Aprenda a usar zero, first, second e third conditionals com exemplos e exercícios práticos no NOPBM. Comece agora!
Referências: conditionals em inglês, gramática inglesa, curso de inglês, tipos de conditionals, zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, third conditional, conditionals exercícios, inglês para iniciantes,

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